Early modern · 1724–1804
Who influenced Immanuel Kant?
Influences and legacy
Made the mind co-author of reality and duty the core of morality — the pivot of modern philosophy.
Immanuel Kant was influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Christian Wolff, David Hume and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and went on to influence Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Georg W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Max Weber, Karl Popper, Hannah Arendt and 9 others. That is 19 lines of the 448 documented lines of influence between the 279 thinkers on this map.
Read on Wikipedia Portrait: Johann Gottlieb Becker (1720-1782), Public domain See the whole map
Who was Immanuel Kant?
Born in Königsberg, Prussia, Kant is one of the central thinkers of the Enlightenment. His philosophy sets out to secure both knowledge and morality against scepticism and determinism. In the Critique of Pure Reason he argued for transcendental idealism: space and time are forms of intuition that structure all experience, so we know things only as they appear, never as they are in themselves. He compared this turn to the Copernican Revolution.
In ethics he held that reason is the source of morality and that the categorical imperative binds every rational agent. He traced aesthetic judgment to a faculty of disinterested judgment, grounded true religion in morality, and hoped for perpetual peace through a federation of republican states.
Summarized from the lead of the Wikipedia article.
Who influenced Immanuel Kant?
4 direct influences on this map, earliest first.
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 1646–1716
- Christian Wolff 1679–1754
- David Hume 1711–1776
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712–1778
Who did Immanuel Kant influence?
15 thinkers on this map draw directly on Immanuel Kant.
- Johann Gottfried Herder 1744–1803
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte 1762–1814
- Friedrich Schleiermacher 1768–1834
- Georg W. F. Hegel 1770–1831
- Johann Friedrich Herbart 1776–1841
- Bernard Bolzano 1781–1848
- Arthur Schopenhauer 1788–1860
- Charles Sanders Peirce 1839–1914
- Gottlob Frege 1848–1925
- Georg Simmel 1858–1918
- Max Weber 1864–1920
- Ernst Cassirer 1874–1945
- Karl Popper 1902–1994
- Hannah Arendt 1906–1975
- John Rawls 1921–2002
The line of teachers behind Immanuel Kant
The longest documented line of influence ending at Immanuel Kant runs 19 generations back, to Thales of Miletus.
Two steps away from Immanuel Kant
Indirect influences
- Through David Hume: Michel de Montaigne, John Locke, Nicolas Malebranche, Pierre Bayle, George Berkeley
- Through Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: René Descartes, Anne Conway, Baruch Spinoza
- Through Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Thomas Hobbes
The second generation
- Through Georg W. F. Hegel: Ludwig Feuerbach, Max Stirner, Alexander Herzen, Søren Kierkegaard, Mikhail Bakunin, Karl Marx, Wilhelm Dilthey, T. H. Green, John Dewey, W. E. B. Du Bois, Kitarō Nishida, György Lukács, Ernst Bloch, Jacques Lacan, Alexandre Kojève, Theodor W. Adorno
- Through Arthur Schopenhauer: Leo Tolstoy, Friedrich Nietzsche, Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Through Gottlob Frege: Bertrand Russell, Rudolf Carnap, Michael Dummett
- Through Johann Gottlieb Fichte: Friedrich Schlegel, F. W. J. Schelling
- Through Johann Friedrich Herbart: Rudolf Hermann Lotze, Wilhelm Wundt
- Through Max Weber: Niklas Luhmann, Jürgen Habermas
Contemporaries of Immanuel Kant
Thinkers on this map born within 25 years of Immanuel Kant, with no direct line between them.
- Adam Smith 1723–1790
- Hryhorii Skovoroda 1722–1794
- Gotthold Ephraim Lessing 1729–1781
- Moses Mendelssohn 1729–1786
- Johann Georg Hamann 1730–1788
- Étienne Bonnot de Condillac 1714–1780
- Denis Diderot 1713–1784
- Thomas Reid 1710–1796
Immanuel Kant by the numbers
- Direct influences
- 4
- Direct followers
- 15 — #3 of 279 on this map
- Thinkers upstream
- 81
- Thinkers downstream
- 102
- Wikipedia languages
- 182 — #1 of 36 among early modern philosophers
- Card rarity
- Legendary
Schools and lineages
Questions about Immanuel Kant
- Who influenced Immanuel Kant?
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Christian Wolff, David Hume and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
- Who did Immanuel Kant influence?
- Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Georg W. F. Hegel, Johann Friedrich Herbart, Bernard Bolzano, Arthur Schopenhauer, Charles Sanders Peirce, Gottlob Frege, Georg Simmel, Max Weber, Ernst Cassirer, Karl Popper, Hannah Arendt and John Rawls.
- When did Immanuel Kant live?
- 1724–1804. The map files Immanuel Kant under the early modern period.
- How rare is the Immanuel Kant card?
- Wikipedia carries an article on Immanuel Kant in 182 languages, which makes it a Legendary card. Legendary starts at 100 languages, Epic at 50 and Rare at 25.
More early modern philosophers
- René Descartes 1596–1650
- Voltaire 1694–1778
- Adam Smith 1723–1790
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712–1778
- Niccolò Machiavelli 1469–1527
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 1646–1716
- John Locke 1632–1704
- Blaise Pascal 1623–1662