Long 19th c. · 1828–1910
Who influenced Leo Tolstoy?
Influences and legacy
Novelist turned moralist — nonviolence, the Sermon on the Mount, and rejection of the state.
Leo Tolstoy was influenced by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Hryhorii Skovoroda and Arthur Schopenhauer, and went on to influence Ludwig Wittgenstein. That is 4 lines of the 448 documented lines of influence between the 279 thinkers on this map.
Read on Wikipedia Portrait: Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii, Public domain See the whole map
Who was Leo Tolstoy?
Born into an aristocratic family, Tolstoy made his name in his twenties with the trilogy Childhood, Boyhood and Youth and with Sevastopol Sketches, drawn from his service in the Crimean War. War and Peace (1869), Anna Karenina (1878) and Resurrection (1899) are often named among the greatest novels ever written.
A moral crisis in the 1870s, described in Confession (1882), led him to a literal reading of the Sermon on the Mount and made him a Christian anarchist and pacifist. His ideas on nonviolent resistance, set out in The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894), influenced Mahatma Gandhi, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Martin Luther King Jr. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 but never won.
Summarized from the lead of the Wikipedia article.
Who influenced Leo Tolstoy?
3 direct influences on this map, earliest first.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712–1778
- Hryhorii Skovoroda 1722–1794
- Arthur Schopenhauer 1788–1860
Who did Leo Tolstoy influence?
1 thinker on this map draws directly on Leo Tolstoy.
- Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889–1951
The line of teachers behind Leo Tolstoy
The longest documented line of influence ending at Leo Tolstoy runs 21 generations back, to Thales of Miletus.
- Thales of Miletus
- Anaximenes of Miletus
- Anaxagoras
- Socrates
- Antisthenes
- Diogenes of Sinope
- Crates of Thebes
- Zeno of Citium
- Seneca
- Tertullian
- Augustine of Hippo
- Anselm of Canterbury
- Peter Lombard
- Thomas Aquinas
- René Descartes
- Thomas Hobbes
- Baruch Spinoza
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Christian Wolff
- Immanuel Kant
- Arthur Schopenhauer
- Leo Tolstoy
Two steps away from Leo Tolstoy
Indirect influences
- Through Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke
- Through Arthur Schopenhauer: Plato, Immanuel Kant
The second generation
Contemporaries of Leo Tolstoy
Thinkers on this map born within 25 years of Leo Tolstoy, with no direct line between them.
- Nikolay Chernyshevsky 1828–1889
- Nikolai Fyodorov 1829–1903
- Thomas Henry Huxley 1825–1895
- Wilhelm Wundt 1832–1920
- Wilhelm Dilthey 1833–1911
- Fyodor Dostoevsky 1821–1881
- Friedrich Engels 1820–1895
- Herbert Spencer 1820–1903
Leo Tolstoy by the numbers
- Direct influences
- 3
- Direct followers
- 1
- Thinkers upstream
- 84
- Thinkers downstream
- 11
- Wikipedia languages
- 190 — #3 of 47 among 19th-century philosophers
- Card rarity
- Legendary
Questions about Leo Tolstoy
- Who influenced Leo Tolstoy?
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Hryhorii Skovoroda and Arthur Schopenhauer.
- Who did Leo Tolstoy influence?
- Ludwig Wittgenstein.
- When did Leo Tolstoy live?
- 1828–1910. The map files Leo Tolstoy under the long 19th century.
- How rare is the Leo Tolstoy card?
- Wikipedia carries an article on Leo Tolstoy in 190 languages, which makes it a Legendary card. Legendary starts at 100 languages, Epic at 50 and Rare at 25.
More 19th-century philosophers
- Karl Marx 1818–1883
- Charles Darwin 1809–1882
- Fyodor Dostoevsky 1821–1881
- Friedrich Nietzsche 1844–1900
- Georg W. F. Hegel 1770–1831
- Friedrich Engels 1820–1895
- Søren Kierkegaard 1813–1855
- Arthur Schopenhauer 1788–1860